Pre-fabrication Technology and Conventional Construction

Pre-fabrication Technology and Conventional Construction 1.1 Introduction Construction industry plays an important role in Malaysias economy. Therefore, it is important to introduce more advance or new technologies from overseas to our country in order to growth the economy. Pre-fabrication technology is a new construction method in construction industry. This technology has been widely used in many countries due to many pros it has over the traditional construction methods, which is cast in-situ method. Pre-fabrication is the assembling components making in a factory or manufacturing before deliver those components to the construction site. After completed the selected components on factory or manufacturing, those components will transport to the construction site where the structure is to be located. On the other hand, for conventional construction method, which is cast in-situ, is transporting those selected materials like cement, sand, aggregate, brick, etc from factory or manufacturing to the construction site. Then the assembly only will carry out on site after those materials have delivered to site. Industrialised Building System (hereinafter referred to as ‘IBS) is a technique of construction, which introduced by Construction Industry Development Board (hereinafter referred to as ‘CIDB) was succeed and applied the pre-fabricated technology into the construction industry in Malaysia. IBS is define as a construction system in which components are manufactured in a factory, on or off site, positioned and assembled into structure with minimal additional site work (CIDB, 2003). The first IBS project was a 7 blocks of 17 storeys flats, which involved 3000 units of low-cost flat and 40 units of shop lot along Jalan Pekeliling in the late 1960s. In addition, there have some of the projects been satisfied completed by used of IBS components such as campus building, apartment, residential, office, hospital, etc. 1.2 Problem Statement Pre-fabrication technology has become more and more famous and popular in Malaysias construction industry recently. This is due to the technology has many benefits over the traditional construction methods which is cast in-situ technology. However, it also contains some weaknesses for pre-fabrication technology. For example, the transportation costs may be very expensive to deliver the complete components to the construction site. Not only that, the maintenance cost and repairing cost is higher depend to the cast in-situ method. Therefore, for long term buildings are not suitable to construct by using pre-fabrication technology. 1.3 Aim The aim of this research is to compare the construction speed for typical wall element between pre-fabrication technology and conventional construction method, which is cast in-situ. 1.4 Objectives To define Industrialised Building System (IBS) There have some of the projects been satisfied completed by IBS of using pre-fabricated components such as campus building, apartment, residential, office, hospital, etc. To compare the advantages and disadvantages of using pre-fabrication technology and cast in-situ in construction industry Although pre-fabrication can save more construction costs and decrease construction period, but the demand of using this technology are still very low in Malaysia. To compare the construction speed by using pre-fabrication technology and cast in-situ in typical wall element In practically, the construction period of a project can take few years to complete. By using pre-fabrication technology, the construction period can be decrease, which compare with traditional construction method. 1.5 Hypothesis By using pre-fabrication technology is cheaper and efficiency than traditional method, which is cast in-situ technology. 1.6 Research Methodology There have three different types of research studies relating to the pre-fabrication and cast in-situ technology have carried out to fulfill this dissertation. They are literature review, questionnaire and case study. 1.6.1 Literature Review The study undertakes a comprehensive review of the relevant literature on the subject of pre-fabrication and cast in-situ technology. The resources for literature are from books, magazines, journal and articles, which available from library and internet research. 1.6.2 Questionnaire This stage involved preparing and sending out the questionnaire to number of Construction Company in Malaysia. The questions are mainly asking about the actual construction speed by using pre-fabrication technology in Malaysia. 1.6.3 Case Study Few case studies for pre-fabrication technology in Malaysia will be carrying out for this research, either in supplier and/or in construction. Through these case studies, the problems, benefits and cost for pre-fabrication technology in actual construction industry can defined. 1.7 Scope of Study The scope of study for this research included to define the background of the IBS system as well as the previous projects done by IBS system with satisfied completed in Malaysia. Besides, research on the advantages and disadvantages of the pre-fabrication and cast in-situ methods. In addition, it will cover the construction speed for actual construction projects, mainly in Malaysia. Pre-fabrication Technology and Conventional Construction Pre-fabrication Technology and Conventional Construction 1.1 Introduction Construction industry plays an important role in Malaysias economy. Therefore, it is important to introduce more advance or new technologies from overseas to our country in order to growth the economy. Pre-fabrication technology is a new construction method in construction industry. This technology has been widely used in many countries due to many pros it has over the traditional construction methods, which is cast in-situ method. Pre-fabrication is the assembling components making in a factory or manufacturing before deliver those components to the construction site. After completed the selected components on factory or manufacturing, those components will transport to the construction site where the structure is to be located. On the other hand, for conventional construction method, which is cast in-situ, is transporting those selected materials like cement, sand, aggregate, brick, etc from factory or manufacturing to the construction site. Then the assembly only will carry out on site after those materials have delivered to site. Industrialised Building System (hereinafter referred to as ‘IBS) is a technique of construction, which introduced by Construction Industry Development Board (hereinafter referred to as ‘CIDB) was succeed and applied the pre-fabricated technology into the construction industry in Malaysia. IBS is define as a construction system in which components are manufactured in a factory, on or off site, positioned and assembled into structure with minimal additional site work (CIDB, 2003). The first IBS project was a 7 blocks of 17 storeys flats, which involved 3000 units of low-cost flat and 40 units of shop lot along Jalan Pekeliling in the late 1960s. In addition, there have some of the projects been satisfied completed by used of IBS components such as campus building, apartment, residential, office, hospital, etc. 1.2 Problem Statement Pre-fabrication technology has become more and more famous and popular in Malaysias construction industry recently. This is due to the technology has many benefits over the traditional construction methods which is cast in-situ technology. However, it also contains some weaknesses for pre-fabrication technology. For example, the transportation costs may be very expensive to deliver the complete components to the construction site. Not only that, the maintenance cost and repairing cost is higher depend to the cast in-situ method. Therefore, for long term buildings are not suitable to construct by using pre-fabrication technology. 1.3 Aim The aim of this research is to compare the construction speed for typical wall element between pre-fabrication technology and conventional construction method, which is cast in-situ. 1.4 Objectives To define Industrialised Building System (IBS) There have some of the projects been satisfied completed by IBS of using pre-fabricated components such as campus building, apartment, residential, office, hospital, etc. To compare the advantages and disadvantages of using pre-fabrication technology and cast in-situ in construction industry Although pre-fabrication can save more construction costs and decrease construction period, but the demand of using this technology are still very low in Malaysia. To compare the construction speed by using pre-fabrication technology and cast in-situ in typical wall element In practically, the construction period of a project can take few years to complete. By using pre-fabrication technology, the construction period can be decrease, which compare with traditional construction method. 1.5 Hypothesis By using pre-fabrication technology is cheaper and efficiency than traditional method, which is cast in-situ technology. 1.6 Research Methodology There have three different types of research studies relating to the pre-fabrication and cast in-situ technology have carried out to fulfill this dissertation. They are literature review, questionnaire and case study. 1.6.1 Literature Review The study undertakes a comprehensive review of the relevant literature on the subject of pre-fabrication and cast in-situ technology. The resources for literature are from books, magazines, journal and articles, which available from library and internet research. 1.6.2 Questionnaire This stage involved preparing and sending out the questionnaire to number of Construction Company in Malaysia. The questions are mainly asking about the actual construction speed by using pre-fabrication technology in Malaysia. 1.6.3 Case Study Few case studies for pre-fabrication technology in Malaysia will be carrying out for this research, either in supplier and/or in construction. Through these case studies, the problems, benefits and cost for pre-fabrication technology in actual construction industry can defined. 1.7 Scope of Study The scope of study for this research included to define the background of the IBS system as well as the previous projects done by IBS system with satisfied completed in Malaysia. Besides, research on the advantages and disadvantages of the pre-fabrication and cast in-situ methods. In addition, it will cover the construction speed for actual construction projects, mainly in Malaysia.

Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay -- Teaching Learning School Ess

Educational Goals and Philosophy It was the last day of school. My daughter's 3rd grade class had just chosen to have me read to them instead of playing a game. As I explained that we wouldn't be able to finish the rest of the chapter book I had begun several weeks before, I suggested "You can check it out at the library and finish it over the summer". One little girl looked up at me in disappointment and said, "but it wouldn't be the same as hearing you read"! My heart melted and the final reason was added to my ongoing mental list of why I should begin to pursue a teaching degree at the age of 35. Children are creative, enthusiastic, honest, inquisitive, loving, and full of energy! Yet at times they become easily bored, disappointed, frustrated, indignant, and stubborn. Even with all these seemingly contrasting characteristics in common, each child is a unique person with talent and potential for achievement, but also different learning styles. As a teacher, helping to develop each child's capacity for learning will be compounded by many factors. Such as, emotional or personal turmoil due to family issues at home, personality and temperament conflicts within the classroom, learning disabilities, physical disabilities, and the simple fact that there are too many children to teach at the same time. With all these different needs in the classroom, good classroom management is a must in order to begin to determine what will work best for each child. Keeping disruption of time to a minimum will require consistency in discipline. Rules that are easy to understand and created wi th the students are my goal, with consequences followed through consistently in order to establish a sense of fairness and security to each s... ...Bachelor's Degree in Elementary Education here at Concord College. I would like to complete several years experience in the classroom, preferably the early grades, and at that time I hope to begin the requirements for my Master's Degree, if available, here at Concord also. I plan to stay in the Southern West Virginia area, as I have strong family ties here, having been raised in Raleigh County. Teaching is a dream I have had for several years now, motivated by the challenges and rewards of parenting, and by volunteering in my own children's classrooms. Becoming a teacher is a natural extension of being a parent, where the roles of both are training and guiding young lives in order to prepare them for the adult world. Choosing the path of the teacher will allow me to continue to experience one of the greatest joys in life - making a difference in the life of a child.

American Dream Essay

While living in America, I have witnessed many transformations within society as a result of the government and public policy. I do not agree that almost anyone can achieve the â€Å"American Dream†, as social status, race and gender can impact the success. My perception of the definition of the â€Å"America Dream† is that people are given equal opportunities to gain success despite their differences. The â€Å"American Dream† is also a dream that suggest that life should be fair and plentiful for all citizens. Unfortunately, social status has become a hindrance for achievement. There are not the same opportunities for the lower social groups compared to the middle and upper class. Within the article â€Å"All Americans are Victims of Katrina amid system failures† by Walter Mosley there were clear examples provided to show the inequality of the rich and the poor. Due to the already impoverished state, the government ignored the calls and cries of the citizens of New Orleans after such a tragic hurricane. Since there was a lack of response and minimal resources after the tragedy, it was very hard for the people to progress yet alone make any achievements towards success. Race is a very sensitive topic for most as it can be offensive and controversial. In the very recent news, there have been numerous violent cases where it appears that individuals were targeted because of their race. I am against those who believe that since President Obama is black, it makes it easier for other African Americans to reach their highest potential. Looking back on the article, it noted that the government failed to rescue, rebuild and redeem because the majority race within the area was African American. This lack of rescue and slow rebuilding will delay most people from achieving the American dream. It also goes against the principles of the American dream that all men are created equal and should be treated as such. If there are constant road blockages amongst the races, a person will only be able to elevate himself to a basic standard of living not fulfilling the â€Å"American Dream. † Although there has been an overwhelming increase in the success rate of women, there is much work that needs to be done. Discriminating against people because of gender can lead to many issues. Women have been wrongly passed over in order not to receive higher positions that they qualified for. In turn, this has shortened the chances of reaching the ultimate goal of the â€Å"American Dream†. Within the article it was a reminder that both genders suffered and needed to be saved but the lack of support within the government was the ultimate challenge. When there are so many negative forces against people, it is hard to reach the highest levels of achievement. Without government support to all citizens equally, there is the chance that not all will achieve the â€Å"American Dream†. There will be some who will not have any issues excelling but there will be many who simply cannot get ahead. Moreover, I am very proud of all those who have made it through the struggle and opposition and who continue to fight the battle of inequality of social class, race, and gender.

Keller Math 533 Project Part B - 1734 Words

Math 533 Project Part B In regards to the dataset from AJ Department store, your manager has speculated the following: the average (mean) annual income is less than $50,000, the true population proportion of customers who live in an urban area exceeds 40%, the average (mean) number of years lived in the current home is less than 13 years, the average (mean) credit balance for suburban customers is more than $4300. Part 1. Using the sample data, perform the hypothesis test for each of the above situations in order to see if there is evidence to support your manager’s belief in each case a.-d. In each case use the Seven Elements of a Test of Hypothesis, in Section 6.2 of your text book with ÃŽ ± =†¦show more content†¦Therefore, we will reject ã€â€"the null hypothesis,Hã€â€"_0,if z1.645 Element 5: Assumptions Element 6:Interpretation of Results Since the P-value (0.386) is greater than the significance level (0.05), we fail to reject the null hypothesis. The p-value implies the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis. Element 7: Conclusion At a significance level of 0.05, there is no sufficient evidence to support the claim that the true population proportion of customers who live in an urban area is greater than 40%. The average (mean) number of years lived in the current home is less than 13 years Element 1. Null hypothesis (H0): The average (mean) number of years lived in the current home is greater than or equal to 13 years H_0: ÃŽ ¼Ã¢â€° ¥13 Element 2. Alternative (research) hypothesis (Ha): The average (mean) number of years lived in the current home is less than 13 years. H_a: ÃŽ ¼ 30 we will use a z-test for the mean to test the given hypothesis. As the alternative hypothesis is Ha:ÃŽ ¼ 30 we will use z-test for mean to test the given hypothesis. As the alternative hypothesis is Ha:ÃŽ ¼4300 , the given test is a one-tailed (upper-tailed) z-test. One-Sample Z: Credit Balance ($) _1 Test of mu = 4300 vs 4300 The assumed standard deviation = 770.339Show MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCross Reference of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Concepts to Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 ResourceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSingapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik ArtRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesAcquisitions Editor: Kim Norbuta Editorial Project Manager: Claudia Fernandes Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Marketing Assistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project Manager: Kelly Warsak Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Ilene Kahn Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Interior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual